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Source Citations

Close Reading & Note Making

THINK...

Before taking notes when reading, viewing or listening, make sure that you've established
YOUR PURPOSE for note taking. What are your information needs? Why am I using this source?
  • Am I looking for general background information or specific details?
  • Am I looking for an opinion or just the facts?
  • Do I need to read the whole text or only the parts that fulfill my information needs?
  • Am I looking for information which supports or counters my argument? 
  • Am I looking for information which: addresses, shows, proves, asserts, presents, displays, claims, demonstrates, or defines?
​
Consider the AUTHOR'S PURPOSE for creating the material you are taking notes about!
  • What is the author trying to explain?  
  • Why does the author think these points are important? 
  • How has the author decided to construct his argument? 
  • How does the author’s ideas and arguments affect your response to the topic or issue? 
  • How effective is the author’s argument?

Consider how the author ORGANIZES his ideas?
  • Compare & Contrast;
  • Narrative/Story Pattern (Setting Character, Initial Event, Internal Response, Goal, Consequence, Resolution);
  • Cause & Effect; 
  • Sequence of Events;
  • Main ideas and sub ideas;
  • Problem...Solution;
  • Conversational Pattern;
  • Argumentative Pattern (Identify ARE: Assertion, Reason and Evidence and possible counter claims​
Is the resource a PRIMARY SOURCE (original documents and objects which were created at the time under study),  or a SECONDARY SOURCE (accounts or interpretations of events created by someone without firsthand experience),  or a TERTIARY SOURCE such as an encyclopedia article which summarizes secondary accounts. How might the source type affect the author's tone, claim, evidence and reasoning? ​Does the author include additional RESOURCES such as maps, graphs, or tables? Do these support your information needs? Does the author provide links or CITATIONS to their sources? Are they more worthy of your analysis?

While taking notes consider: What...
  • does the data say?
  • ideas relate best to my work?
  • new questions arise?
  • don't I understand?
  • background information is missing?
  • should I rethink as a result of what I've just reviewed?
  • comprehension gaps remain?
  • is my next step?​
    Fontichiaro, Kristen, "Nudging Toward Inquiry: Extracting Relevant Information and Note Taking" School Library Monthly/Volume XXVII, Number 4/January 2011. http://www.schoollibrarymonthly.com/curriculum/Fontichiaro2011-v27n4p12.htm

Close Reading Strategies
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From AP Central

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Umphrey, Michael. The Teacher Lore Blog. www.montanaheritageproject.org

Analyze Through Disciplinary Lenses
  • Cultural and Social
  • Artistic and Philosophical
  • Political and Historical
  • Environmental 
  • Economic
  • Scientific
  • Futuristic
  • ​Ethical
Consider Stakeholder Viewpoints within each disciplinary lens.

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Close & critical reading strategies.
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guiding-questions-handout.pdf
File Size: 37 kb
File Type: pdf
Download File


Reading Nonfiction Questioning Stances
What surprised me?
What did the author think I already knew?
What challenged, changed or confirmed what I already Knew?
Beers, Kylene and Robert E. Probst. Disruptive Thinking: Why How We Read Matters. Scholastic, 2017.

​Central Question Diagram & Youtube Tutorial

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From Harvard's Project Zero

Historical Thinking Chart from Stanford History Education Group.
Sourcing, Contextualization, Corroboration and Close Reading

Note Taking Tools

See Annotation/Curation Tools

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Noodletools in integrated with Google Apps. Access via the Waffle Icon from your Drive.
Click to set custom HTML
Noodletools Quick Guide for Students
Noodletools Quick Guide for Teachers
Noodletools Complete Knowledge Base

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Using Google Keep for Note taking
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Intuitively annotate, add comments and organize. Mrs. Schiano's favorite tool for research. Collaboration available through subscription.

Primary Source Analysis tools

​Library of Congress
National Archives

Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing

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Strategies

Cornell: Two Column Notes

Template ​

ABCLOU

A:  Abbreviations
B:  Bullets
C:  Caveman Language (keywords/ideas only)
L:  Lists
O:  One word for several
U:  Use your own words


Symbol Annotations

Create symbols for various information found in the text. These may include symbols for:
  • I agree with or this confirms what I think
  • I disagree or this is in opposition to what I think
  • Seems important
  • I have a question about this
  • This reminds me of...

Rule Based Summarizing targets

developed by Brown, Campione, and Day (1981)
  1. Delete/cross out words that are TRIVIAL (not important to meaning)
  2. Delete/cross out words that are REDUNDANT (repeat information).
  3. GENERALIZE-Replace specific words and lists with general terms & description of list.
  4. Find or Create a TOPIC SENTENCE (includes subject and author's claim about subject)​.​​

3 Box note Taking

  • Box 1: Record what it says (direct quote)
  • Box 2: Record what it means (paraphrase or summarize)
  • Box 3: Record why it's important to me and my purpose​​

sketchnoting

Resources from Kathy Shrock's Guide to Everything
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Timeline

Venn Diagram (CompAre/Contrast)

Cause & Effect







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